कंपनी फिक्स्ड डिपॉजिट बनाम बैंक फिक्स्ड डिपॉजिट। कौन सा बहतर है?

The primary aim of an investor is to achieve optimum risk adjusted return. To ensure a risk-reward balance in the investment portfolio, investors must make sure that it has both debt and equity components. Talking about Debt instruments, it primarily includes bonds, debentures, certificates of deposits, debt funds and Fixed Deposits. These instruments are relatively stable, and they help to balance out your equity portfolio. One such instrument among these is fixed deposit. Fixed deposits are the best investment option for risk-averse investors. It  is considered one of the best investment options for people who are looking for good stable returns without exposing themselves to volatile market risk. Fixed deposit can be further classified broadly into two categories – Corporate Fixed Deposit and Bank Fixed Deposit.

कॉर्पोरेट फिक्स्ड डिपॉजिट क्या है?

फिक्स्ड डिपॉजिट में एक बार निवेश करना और फिक्स्ड डिपॉजिट के परिपक्व होने तक नियमित अंतराल पर ब्याज प्राप्त करना शामिल है। कॉरपोरेट फिक्स्ड डिपॉजिट, बैंक फिक्स्ड डिपॉजिट के समान, कंपनियों द्वारा संचालन या दिन-प्रतिदिन के कामकाज के लिए धन जुटाने के लिए उपयोग किया जाता है। आम तौर पर, गैर-बैंकिंग वित्त कंपनियां (एनबीएफसी) और वित्तीय संस्थान सावधि जमा के माध्यम से धन जुटाते हैं।

कॉर्पोरेट फिक्स्ड डिपॉजिट में निवेश उन निवेशकों के लिए उपयुक्त है जो निश्चित आय श्रेणी में अच्छा रिटर्न चाहते हैं (विशेष रूप से पारंपरिक बैंक एफडी की तुलना में) और जो अपने निवेश से आय का एक नियमित प्रवाह चाहते हैं।

बैंक सावधि जमा क्या है?

सावधि जमा को 'सावधि जमा' या 'सावधि जमा' जैसे शब्दों से भी जाना जाता है और इसे अन्य बचत निवेश विकल्पों की तुलना में सबसे सुरक्षित निवेश विकल्प माना जाता है। बैंक एफडी निवेशकों को नियमित बचत खातों की तुलना में बहुत अधिक ब्याज अर्जित करने के लिए पूर्व-निर्धारित अवधि के लिए एकमुश्त राशि जमा करने की अनुमति देते हैं।

बाजार में उतार-चढ़ाव के बाद भी एफडी ब्याज दरों का खाता अप्रभावित रहता है, वह भी तय अवधि के दौरान।

कॉर्पोरेट एफडी और बैंक एफडी के बीच अंतर:

आधार	कॉरपोरेट एफडी	बैंक एफडी
रिटर्न	बैंक एफडी की तुलना में अधिक रिटर्न।	कम रिटर्न।
जोखिम	बैंक एफडी की तुलना में अधिक जोखिम।	5 लाख रुपये तक की गारंटी के साथ बेहद कम जोखिम। (डिफ़ॉल्ट के मामले में)
Penalty	All Fixed Deposits must have a minimum penalty period of three months, according to RBI guidelines. That is, if someone withdraws money within the first three months, a penalty will be charged for early withdrawal.The penalty period for Corporate FD is lower than Bank FD.	The penalty period  for Bank FDs is usually higher than that of Corporate FDs.
Guarantee	FDs opened with  Corporates do not qualify for any statutory guarantees. The risk of opening corporate FDs will primarily depend on the issuers’ financial capacity to honor the repayment of FDs.	Any deposit with banks including FDs are insured upto Rs. 5 lakhs for each depositor by Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC) .
Credit Rating	Corporate Fixed Deposits are also rated by reputable agencies such as CARE, CRISIL, or ICRA, which examine the company’s track record and determine whether repayments and interest rates are made on time and are disclosed to potential investors.	There is no such criteria for banks to accept deposits as far as credit rating is concerned. But they have other criterias as specified by RBI from time to time .
Deposit Quantum	The total deposit that an NBFC can collect can be up to a permissible limit, which again varies for different NBFCs as specified by RBI.	Usually there is no such restriction on limits for banks .

निष्कर्ष

We can conclude that if one has a goal that needs to be achieved within 1 to 5 years, investing in a Corporate Fixed Deposit can be a good option as it provides the investor with assured returns and at a rate which is  higher than bank FD rates . But one should note that to minimize the risk of default, one should stick to AAA-rated Corporate Fixed Deposits. The Corporate FDs are suitable for investors who wish to obtain regular income as FDs allow investors to choose between monthly, quarterly, half yearly and yearly payout options whilst keeping the principal amount secure. 

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले प्रश्न (FAQs)

What is the most important factor one should consider before investing in a company fixed deposit?

Fixed Deposits deliver guaranteed returns because they are not market-linked. This is why those seeking stability and a steady income look out for them. Similarly, Corporate Fixed Deposits provide guaranteed returns that are higher than those offered by banks. If a company offers a certain rate of interest, it does so regardless of market or interest rate fluctuations. However investors should note that to minimize the risk of default, one should stick to AAA-rated Corporate Fixed Deposits.

Is it safe to invest in fixed deposits?

It is subjective in nature , both Fixed Deposits are safe, but before investing in a corporate FD, investors should consider the company’s financial position and credit quality.

How can I get maximum interest on a fixed deposit?

FDs with cumulative payouts are considered to have the highest fixed deposit rates. That fixed deposit interest rate is reinvested in a cumulative interest payout, resulting in a higher payout and compounded returns.

Which is the best corporate Fixed deposit?

Corporates are ranked or rated in terms of AAA, AA, and BB, with these ratings based on the companies’ prior financial position and performance. The best company for fixed deposits can be determined using these ratings. For a corporation, AAA is the highest rating.